{"id":29956,"date":"2018-12-26T13:37:21","date_gmt":"2018-12-26T10:37:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/?p=29956"},"modified":"2022-07-16T08:33:54","modified_gmt":"2022-07-16T05:33:54","slug":"2018in-son-gunlerinde-bir-cevre-muhabbeti-26-aralik-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/?p=29956","title":{"rendered":"2018\u2019\u0130N SON G\u00dcNLER\u0130NDE B\u0130R \u00c7EVRE MUHABBET\u0130 <span class=\"event-date\">(26 Aral\u0131k 2018)<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p id=\"top\" \/>\u00c7evre kelimesi i\u00e7in bir tan\u0131m yapmak gerekirse, en genel ifadeyle insanlar\u0131n ve di\u011fer canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131 boyunca ili\u015fkilerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fckleri ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak etkile\u015fim i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 fiziki, biyolojik, sosyal, ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ortamd\u0131r. Bir ba\u015fka ifade ile \u00e7evre, bir organizman\u0131n var oldu\u011fu ortam ya da \u015fartlard\u0131r ve yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ilk canl\u0131 ile birlikte varolmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/?attachment_id=29961\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-29961\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-29961 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/iklim-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evre ile, evren ya da do\u011fa aras\u0131nda bir fark ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fa, \u00e7evrenin tamam\u0131n\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. Ancak do\u011fada ya\u015fam\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, tek bir canl\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131 ortamlar da vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin y\u0131ld\u0131zlar gezegenler g\u00f6kta\u015flar\u0131, ya da D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n Merkezi gibi. Asl\u0131nda onlar bile, bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplayabildi\u011fimizden, ya da en basitinden g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde \u00e7\u0131plak g\u00f6zle bile g\u00f6r\u00fclebildiklerinden dolay\u0131 \u00e7evremizde sanat ve edebiyatta etkiler yapabilmektedir. Canl\u0131lar olarak \u00e7evremize girmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece, \u00f6rne\u011fin bir g\u00f6kta\u015f\u0131 yery\u00fcz\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015fmedik\u00e7e bizleri etkilemez. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7evre d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p>Bilindi\u011fi gibi b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131, do\u011fal dengeler \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi de, do\u011fal dengelerin bozulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evre ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu dengeyi meydana getiren zincirin halkalar\u0131nda meydana gelebilecek kopmalar, zincirin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc etkileyip, dengenin bozulmas\u0131na sebep olmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece \u00f6nce yak\u0131n \u00e7evremizi, sonra b\u00fct\u00fcn D\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkileyen \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131 meydana gelmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bir ili\u015fkiler sistemi olan \u00e7evrenin bozulmas\u0131 ve \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, genellikle insan kaynakl\u0131 etkenlerin do\u011fal dengeleri bozmas\u0131yla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00f6nermeyi verdikten sonra yak\u0131n zamanda okudu\u011fum bir kitaptan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m BBC&#8217;de yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f ilgin\u00e7 bir saptamay\u0131 yazmak istiyorum. \u0130nsano\u011flu varolduktan sonra, kendine ve do\u011faya verdi\u011fi zarara ilavete, yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki hayvanlar\u0131n %83&#8217;\u00fcn\u00fc ve bitkilerin yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yok etmi\u015f!(1)D\u00f6rt Efsane \u00c7evreci, Metin Erdo\u011fan, 2018 Cenova Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu saptamadan y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 inceledi\u011fimizde g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz ki, insanlar\u0131n \u00e7evre a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 problemlerin tamam\u0131n\u0131 gene insanlar yaratmaktad\u0131r. Bu sonu\u00e7taki sorumlulu\u011fumuzun bilinciyle, \u00e7evre problemlerini \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetlenebilir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Hava, su ve topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n artan oranlarda kirletilmesi ve \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lamaz hale gelmesi,<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirler ve sanayi b\u00f6lgelerinin ya\u015fanamaz hale gelmesi,<\/li>\n<li>Do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n h\u0131zla t\u00fcketilmesi,<\/li>\n<li>Kanser ve benzeri hastal\u0131klar\u0131n artmas\u0131,<\/li>\n<li>Ozon tabakas\u0131n\u0131n delinmesi,<\/li>\n<li>Yerk\u00fcrenin giderek \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki listeyi inceledi\u011fimizde, bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 tehlike a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir fark g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. S\u0131radaki ilk d\u00f6rd\u00fc kararl\u0131 ve sab\u0131rl\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde halledilebilir, ama son 2 tanesi art\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fcr: Ozon tabakas\u0131n\u0131 onaram\u0131yoruz ve yerk\u00fcre \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 durduram\u0131yoruz! Ancak bu problemleri \u00e7\u00f6zemiyorsak, hi\u00e7 olmazsa dondurmam\u0131z ve daha k\u00f6t\u00fcye gidi\u015fe engel olmam\u0131z gerekiyor.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/?attachment_id=29962\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-29962\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-29962 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/KATOVIVE-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>D\u00fcnya, k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi i\u00e7in somut ad\u0131mlar atmak zorunda oldu\u011funu biliyor ama yeterince h\u0131zl\u0131 ve etkin davranam\u0131yor. Konunun muhatab\u0131 \u00fclkeler Taraftar \u00dclkeler(COP)olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor ve her y\u0131l \u00f6nemli bir emisyon \u00e7evresinde toplan\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in de \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan zirve s\u00fcrecini birka\u00e7 hafta \u00f6nce Cumhuriyet gazetesinde \u00e7\u0131kan yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda&nbsp;GreenPeace Akdeniz, \u201cK\u00f6pr\u00fcden \u00d6nce Son \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 4 soruda \u00f6zetlemi\u015fti:<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>1. COP24 neden kritik bir \u00f6neme sahip?&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rio\u2019da imzaya a\u00e7\u0131lan Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7er\u00e7eve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi(UNFCCC) 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda 196 \u00fclke taraf\u0131ndan imzalanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. \u0130mzac\u0131 \u00fclkeler bu tarihten itibaren her y\u0131l d\u00fczenlenen Taraflar Konferans\u0131\u2019nda bir araya gelerek s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 takip ediyor. Bu y\u0131l Polonya\u2019da d\u00fczenlenecek 24.Taraflar Toplant\u0131s\u0131(COP24), 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda imzalanan Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan sonra en \u00f6nemli karar an\u0131 olarak kabul ediliyor. Bu toplant\u0131da Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na dair Kurallar Kitab\u0131\u2019na karar verilmesi ve \u00fclkelerin 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girecek ulusal iklim hedeflerini g\u00fcncelleyip daha iddial\u0131 hale getirmeyi kabul etmeleri bekleniyor. \u00dclkelerin halihaz\u0131rdaki talepleri, Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini 1.5 derecede tutma hedeflerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmekten uzak. Bu tariflerle devam edildi\u011finde iyi ihtimalle 3 derecelik bir de\u011fi\u015fim bizi bekliyor ve bu da gezegen i\u00e7in felaket anlam\u0131na gelebilir. Bu gidi\u015fata bir an \u00f6nce dur demek i\u00e7in Polonya\u2019da h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin sergileyece\u011fi tutum hayati \u00f6nemde.<\/div>\n<p>2. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin COP24\u2019ten beklentisi nedir?<\/p>\n<div>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r iklim m\u00fczakerelerindeki duru\u015fu COP24\u2019te de de\u011fi\u015fmiyor. T\u00fcrkiye iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi alan\u0131nda tarihsel sorumlulu\u011fu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle iklim finansman\u0131na katk\u0131 veren geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler listesinden \u00e7\u0131kmak ve geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin fon aktaraca\u011f\u0131 Ye\u015fil iklim Fonu\u2019ndan en az\u0131ndan emisyon azalt\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in destek almak istiyor. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131llardaki konferanslarda da dile getirilen bu talep bu sene konferans g\u00fcndemine g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmek \u00fczere resmi bir madde olarak eklendi.&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin finansal yard\u0131m\u0131 da emisyon azalt\u0131mlar\u0131 gibi g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc taahh\u00fctlere dayan\u0131yor. Yani T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler listesinde kalmas\u0131 fon aktar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bu listeden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 da Ye\u015fil \u0130klim Fonu\u2019na eri\u015fimini garantilemeyecek.<\/div>\n<div>3. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den beklentisi nedir?<\/div>\n<div>T\u00fcrkiye, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden en fazla etkilenecek b\u00f6lgelerden biri olan Akdeniz havzas\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Ancak T\u00fcrkiye, Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda sundu\u011fu iklim taahh\u00fct\u00fcnde iddial\u0131 bir emisyon azalt\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fcyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin&nbsp;bir an \u00f6nce Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 onaylayarak bu tarihsel i\u015fbirli\u011finden kendini izole etmemesi, iklim taahh\u00fctlerini Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler H\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Paneli\u2019nin(IPCC) 1.5 Derece raporu \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00fcncelleyerek kazanan tarafta yerini almas\u0131 gerekiyor. T\u00fcrkiye bu y\u0131l da Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 onaylamazsa bu anla\u015fma ile ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere sadece g\u00f6zlemci stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde dahil olabilecek ve hi\u00e7bir karar mekanizmas\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer almayacak.<\/div>\n<div>4. K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma 1.5 derece de tutulabilir mi?<\/div>\n<div>COP24, BM H\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 \u0130klim Paneli\u2019nin(IPCC) b\u00fcy\u00fck ses getiren 1.5 Derece raporundan sadece iki ay sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. K\u00fcresel karar al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n talebiyle haz\u0131rlanan rapor, k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin sanayi \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemin 1.5 derece \u00fcst\u00fc ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenleri g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor.<\/div>\n<div>Rapor, k\u00fcresel CO2 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yar\u0131ya inmesinin ve 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ediyor. Aksi taktirde k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n 2030-2052 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 1.5 dereceyi ge\u00e7mesi bekleniyor. Bu da gezegen \u00fczerindeki ya\u015fam i\u00e7in felaket demek. COP24\u2019e bu a\u00e7\u0131dan haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 gelmeleri, Avrupa Birli\u011fi gibi uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi konusunda \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck eden \u00fclke gruplar\u0131n\u0131n iddial\u0131 hedeflerle di\u011fer \u00fclkelere \u00f6rnek olmalar\u0131 \u00f6nemli.\u201d<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/?attachment_id=29973\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-29973\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-29973 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/cevre87845-300x196.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/cevre87845-300x196.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/cevre87845.jpg 561w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>17 Aral\u0131k 2018 tarihli gazeteler, \u201cParis \u0130klim Anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0130\u015fler Hale Getirecek Kurallar \u00dczerine Uzla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki haberi ge\u00e7tiler:<\/div>\n<div>Polonya\u2019n\u0131n Katovi\u00e7e kentinde Aral\u0131k ay\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri s\u00fcren Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler(BM) 24. \u0130klim Konferans\u0131\u2019nda 196 \u00fclke ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi(AB), 2015\u2019te imzalanan Paris \u0130klim Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ana unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi hususunda anla\u015ft\u0131. Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 2\u00b0C\u2019nin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesini \u015fart ko\u015fuyor. Bu hedefe ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in petrol, k\u00f6m\u00fcr gibi fosil yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yenilenebilir enerjiye y\u00f6nelinmesini te\u015fvik eden anla\u015fma, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelere finansman, teknoloji transferi ve kapasite geli\u015ftirme imkanlar\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>D\u00fcnya \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011findeki son durum bu \u015fekildedir. Buraya kadar yazd\u0131klar\u0131m hususunda&nbsp;yorumlar yap\u0131labilir. Sa\u011fl\u0131kla kal\u0131n.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-29971\" src=\"http:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/cevre456.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"182\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7evre kelimesi i\u00e7in bir tan\u0131m yapmak gerekirse, en genel ifadeyle insanlar\u0131n ve di\u011fer canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131 boyunca ili\u015fkilerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fckleri ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak etkile\u015fim i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 fiziki, biyolojik, sosyal, ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ortamd\u0131r. Bir ba\u015fka ifade ile \u00e7evre, bir organizman\u0131n var oldu\u011fu ortam ya da \u015fartlard\u0131r ve yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ilk canl\u0131 ile birlikte varolmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p> <a class=\"continue-reading\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/?p=29956\">Okumaya devam et <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.5","language":"tr","enabled_languages":["tr","en"],"languages":{"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":true},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29956"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59257,"href":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29956\/revisions\/59257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sinasiyuksel.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}